Andrzej Sas-Uhrynowski - Monographic Series No 3
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Absolute gravity measurements in Poland
New basic gravimetric network in Poland was established between 1994 and 1999. It is based on 12 points, so-called absolute points; the measurements on these points were done with five ballistic gravimeters: FG5-101, FG5-107, JILAg 5, IMGC and ZZG. Absolute points were selected, according to recommendations of the International Gravimetric Commission, on the lowest floors of such buildings, as observatories, museums, schools, churches, etc. It gives a chance, that the absolute point will survive for at least several decades. The paper includes the detailed descriptions of all absolute points. The measurements were performed by German, American, Finnish, Italian and Polish teams. As results of measurements, done with the use of various gravimeters, differed on a few points even by 30 microgals, it was necessary to make their verification. The direct connecting measurements between absolute points were performed with the use of four LaCoste & Romberg gravimeters. The measurements were done on 25 so-called long spans (160–300 km). Results of absolute determinations and results of relative connections were jointly analysed. This analysis enabled to eliminate those gravimeters, which do not fulfil the assumed criteria of reliability – IMGC and ZZG. The remaining gravimeters: FG5-101, FG5-107 and JILAg 5, which did not differ in readouts more than 3 microgals, were found to be representatives of the international gravimetric standard. Their readouts were assumed as the standard for Polish gravimetric basic network. The results of relative measurements on 685 spans of network were adjusted to 12 absolute points and to 3 points on the territory of Germany. Finally, a set of values of gravity acceleration for 354 points of network was obtained. This network is homogeneous, as far as gravimetric level and gravimetric scale is concerned; it also fulfils accuracy and construction requirements.