Elżbieta Welker - Monographic Series No 17
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The methods of acquiring information on the Earth’s magnetic field elements and their use in geodesy and navigation
The work includes basic information about the Earth’s magnetic field, necessary for practicing surveyors and other professionals who use for their work tools and equipment for the measurements of the elements of the geomagnetic field. After a brief historical description of the magnetic measurements carried out on the territory of the present Poland it was presented 60 years’ achievements of researchers of the Institute of Geodesy and Cartography concerning all activities towards establishing the magentic control in postwar Poland – design, development of measurement standards, measurements at the magnetic points, data processing and analysis of measurement results, and presenting them in the form of charts. Instruments for magnetic measurements and procedures developed through many years of experience are also described,. Much of the work is devoted to the investigation of secular changes of the geomagnetic field. Their knowledge is necessary to update the results of magnetic measurements and to reduce them to a specific epoch, using methods developed in the Institute of Geodesy and Cartography and described in this work.
Described in this work of the geophysical database, created in the Institute of Geodesy and Cartography, contains a complete set of data from the magnetic measurements in Poland, both archival and contemporary. The database contains also data from neighbouring countries repeat stations and the average annual values of the geomagnetic field components generated from records in magnetic observatories in Europe. This paper describes the determined secular changes of the geomagnetic field during 1955–2010 and their use for the development of charts of contour lines of the geomagnetic field components, in particular magnetic declination. Information on the cooperation of the Institute of Geodesy and Cartography with other research institutions and its results is also presented.
The measurement procedures used at the points of magnetic networks, airports and other selected objects as well as procedures used for attesting magnetic instruments are described in the Appendix. There are also presented the forms for magnetic measurements and sheets for attestation of magnetic instruments.